History and Background of Autism in Relation to ABA

Discuss the importance of understanding the history and background of autism and how it has impacted ABA treatments for autism and the general guiding philosophy of ABA programs? What has the history of autism taught us about pseudoscience like refrigerator mothers?

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step-by-Step Guide (Tutor’s Tone)

1) Clarify the focus of the assignment (2–3 minutes).
You are being asked to:

Explain why knowing the history and background of autism matters when discussing Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA).
Show how history shaped current ABA treatments and guiding principles.
Reflect on past pseudoscientific ideas like “refrigerator mothers” and what lessons they teach.

2) Break the paper into clear sections (10–15 minutes).
Your essay should flow logically with these parts:

Introduction (1 short paragraph):
- Define autism briefly.
- State that understanding its history is essential to developing ethical, evidence-based ABA practices.
- Preview the discussion points (impact on ABA treatments, guiding philosophy, pseudoscience lessons).
Section A: Importance of history and background of autism (1–2 paragraphs):
- Describe early views of autism (Leo Kanner in the 1940s, Hans Asperger).
- Highlight how initial misunderstandings delayed effective interventions.
- Explain how learning this history ensures modern practitioners appreciate accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment.
Section B: Impact on ABA treatments and philosophy (1–2 paragraphs):
- Introduce ABA’s foundation (B.F. Skinner’s behaviorism, 1960s development by Ivar Lovaas).
- Show how the history of mistreatment reinforced the need for ethical, data-driven interventions.
- Discuss how guiding principles like evidence-based practice, respect for dignity, and measurable outcomes stem from lessons of history.
Section C: Pseudoscience and “refrigerator mothers” (1 paragraph):
- Explain the false theory that autism was caused by cold, unloving mothers.
- Discuss harm: stigma, guilt, and delay in providing real support.
- Show how this shaped today’s caution against pseudoscience, emphasizing critical thinking and reliance on empirical research.
Conclusion (1 paragraph):
- Restate why history matters in understanding autism and shaping ABA programs.
- Emphasize the importance of rejecting pseudoscience in favor of ethical, evidence-based approaches.

3) Write in 400–500 words.

Aim for 5–6 paragraphs.
Keep sentences clear, supportive, and connected to evidence.

4) Use at least two credible references (APA format).

A textbook, peer-reviewed article, or credible ABA/autism organization (e.g., Autism Speaks, CDC, BACB).
Example sources are listed below.

5) Proofread before submission.

Make sure word count fits the requirement.
Check citations and APA format.

Ready-to-Use APA References (examples)

Lovaas, O. I. (1987). Behavioral treatment and normal educational and intellectual functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.55.1.3
Feinstein, A. (2010). A history of autism: Conversations with the pioneers. Wiley-Blackwell.